摘要:高考英语语法复习系列讲座-动词词义辨析 I don′t like him. 我不喜欢他。 语法复习九:动词词义辨析 高考英语动词1
高考英语语法复习系列讲座-动词词义辨析
I don′t like him. 我不喜欢他。语法复习九:动词词义辨析
高考英语动词100句 高考英语词汇必备动词
高考英语动词100句 高考英语词汇必备动词
高考英语动词100句 高考英语词汇必备动词
Break one′s promise/word 食言
动词是是的重点,高考试题中,单项填空、完形填空和改错等三项题型中,动词辨义的比重较大,并逐年增加。动词辨义主要指:1、形状相同的动词之间辨义。如:lie, lay; hanged, g; rise, raise; sit, seat等。2、意义相近的动词之间辨义。如:borrow, lend; speak, say, talk; hope, wish等。3、动词与其它词形相近、意义相似的词的辨义。如:aise, a; cost, worth; pass, past 等。4、意义不同,但容易混淆的动词的辨义。如:
explain, say; discover, invent, uncover; find, find out等。
5、某些常用动词的习惯用法的辨义。如:ask, give, call, make, find,
get, keep, want, see, hear等。6、某些常用动词短语的辨义。如:
give in, give up, turn on, turn off, turn down, turn up等。
(一)易混动词
1、lay(放), lie(躺)与lie(说谎):
放 lay laid laid laying 及物动词
躺 lie lay lain lying 不及物动词
说谎 lie lied lied lying 不及物动词
2、rise和raise:rise是不及物动词,其过去式是rose,过去分词是risen,而raise是及物动词,是规则动词。
3、hear与listen to:hear侧重点是听到,听见什么,而listen to是侧重于听的倾向,但hear用于无意中的听见,而listen to却用于集中注意力的听。
4、see, watch和look:see用作看电影,剧目;watch则用作看电视比赛,而watch还有在旁观看之意。如:Are you going to play or only watch?;look一般用作不及物动词,只是当盯着某人看时用作及物动词,如:The little boy looked me in the face.(小男孩直盯着我的脸。)
5、wind和wound:wind意为蜿蜒而行,其过去式与过去分词都是wound,而动词原形wound意为伤害,其过去式、过去分词都是wounded。
6、hang的用法:hang有两个意思:一为悬挂,是不规则动词,过去式、过去分词都是g;二为绞刑,是规则动词,其过去式、过去分词都是hanged。
7、hear的过去分词born与borne:bear作为出生讲有两个过去分词born,borne。只有当be+born…短语后没有by介词短语时,才可用born。如:He was born in Shanghai. 而作它用时要用borne。如:She has borne five children. 但如果作忍受讲,则一律用borne。
8、sit与seat:seat为及物动词时是作容纳讲,sit只是表示一动作。seat如果表示就座时要用be seated。如:They were seated at their desks. 或用seat oneself, 比如:I seated myself in the armchair.
9、borrow, lend与keep:借入英文中用borrow,借出用lend,但这两个词都是截止性动词或瞬间动词,不能用于长时间的动作,所以我能借多久应用keep。
10、win与beat:win作胜、赢讲时其后应接,a , an argument, a battle, a prize, a contest, a race, a bet,但不能接人,如果接人则有另外的含意。如:I he won him. 即我已说服他了,我赢得他的好感。而beat是及物动词为击败、胜过讲,直接接人、队。
11、steal与rob:steal为偷。rob为抢,其用法不同。steal其后接物+from+某人、某地,而rob其后接人+of+抢的物品。
12、fit与suit:fit与suit均可作合适讲,但英文中却用在不同的地方。如fit用于尺寸大小的合适,而suit则多用于颜色式样的合适。
13、take, bring 与fetch:英文中拿三个词,即拿来,拿去,去取然后回来(即双程)。所以拿来,带来是bring,拿去带走是take,而去取回来是fetch。
14、shut与close:shut与close有时是可以互换的,但有些地方则不可这样做。如:在正式场合多用close,而在命令,态度粗暴的场合则用shut。如:
Shut your mouth!(闭嘴);又如:Shut up. 在指、公路交闭或停止使用的场合,则要用close。
15、answer与reply:作为回答讲answer是及物动词,如作不及物动词,则意义不同,如answer for,意为向某人或向某事负责。而reply作回答讲是不及物动词,后跟宾语时,要加上to。
16、reach,arrive与get to:reach当到达讲是及物动词,而当延伸和拿得到、拿不到时讲,则是不及物动词。作到达讲时还有get to, arrive(at/in)。
17、cost,spend与take:英文中花费有三个词cost, spend, take,但各有不同用法。cost作 “花费”讲,主语不能是人,而spend的主语不能是物。如:
she spent all his money on stamps.而take作花费讲时,可用人也可用物做主语。更多的用法是用形式主语it,如It takes me three hours to finish this work.
18、lost, gone与missing:作补足语时意为丢失、不见了,可以用
lost, gone,但要用 miss时则不能用missed, 而要用missing.
19、he on, wear, put on及dress:作穿衣服讲的动词分为状态和动作两种。he on与wear作穿着状态讲;但he on不用进行时态,而wear则常要用进行时态。put on是动作,但dress既可用作状态,又可用作穿衣动作,但用作状态时要用其过去分词作形容词如:He was dressed in a b1ue suit作动作讲时,其后不要接衣物而要接反身代词或表示人、物的名词,如:
begin与Start 均可作开始讲,并无多少区别,同样可接不定式或动名词,但在下面的场合多要用Start:1)机器的开动发动;2)旅途的开始。如:
we shou1d he to start early because there was a lot traffic in the street。
21、allow 与permit
allow与permit其后直接接动作时要用动名词,如接人后再接动词则要用不定式,所以用在被动语态时一定要用不定式。如:People are not allowed to spit.
22、find与found
find找到的过去式和过去分词都是found,而found是动词“建立”的原形,其过去式和过去分词是founded,founded,如:
The People’s Republic of China was founded in 1949.
23、speak, say, talk 与l
英文中讲有4个词,speak, say, talk, l,但其中speak, talk多用作不及物动词,但speak后加语言名词时则用作及物动词,如:Please speak English。而say与l是及物动词,其中l常用作接双宾语,如:Tell me a story。但也有些特定的习惯用法,如:在作讲实话,讲谎言,表示时间常用单宾语而不能换其它词,如:My watch was broken. It couldn’t l time correctly。在书信、便条、海报上写着英文应为It said …。在作辨别不同讲时是l,如:Can you l me the difference between the two?而讲别人好坏话时用speak,如:
The father always speaks well of his son.。
excuse me用于来打拢对方前以提醒对方注意的提示语,而sorry则表达因作了某事向对方道歉。
25、care for 与care to do
care for其后要接不定式时则要省去for或换用名词,如:
Would you care for a cup of tea?但care for作照顾讲时与look after相同。
27、意义相近的动词:ring摇铃,打铃,电话铃响,strike专指敲钟,打几点,撞击;suggest提出实验性或推测性的建议,a表示对经验不足人的一种忠告;look由视觉得出的印象,seem暗示一定根据的判定,appear外表印象而实际或结果并非如此;stay停留,逗留,remain遗物,某物被取走一部分后剩余部分;discover(发现)找到早已存在但未被人所了解的东西,invent(发明)研制出不存在的东西;remember记忆起以前经历或知道的事,remind提醒某人做某事。
28、动词 + 副词 + 介词:catch up with, look forward to, come up with, keep up with, go in for, look down on, get on with …
29、动词 + 介词to的词组有:come to, stick to, object to, agree to,
turn to, attend to, belong to, devote to, reply to …
30、与in相结合的动词有:give in, hand in, bring in, drop in, succeed in,
take in, check in, engage in, fill in, trade in …
(二)动词短语
动词短语是指动词和介词、副词或名词的习惯搭配。有关动词短语的测试点主要涉及结构上选用恰当的搭配词,不同搭配含意上的辨异及不同短语的辨异。需掌握以下要点:
1、根据动词短语的不同特点,掌握其运用规律。
(I)动词+副词(不及物)
Harry turned up after the party when ryone had left.
晚会后,人们都已离去,哈里出现了。
(2)动词+副词(及物)
Please turn ry light in the house off. 请把房子里的每一盏灯都关掉。
注意:①如果宾语较长,就应避免把副词同动词分开。如:
She turned off all the lights which had been left on. 她关掉了所有还在亮着的灯。②如果宾语是人称代词,只能放在动词和副词之间。如:She ge them away.
她送掉了它们。
(3)动词+介词(及物)
I'm looking for my glasses. 我在找我的。
注意:①当它跟宾语时,不能把介词放在宾语后面。②动词短语可以放在句子或从句末尾。如:She's got more work than she can cope with.
她的工作多得使她应付不了。
(4)动词+副词+介词
I look With rything well arranged,he left the off.forward to seeing you soon. 我盼望不久就见到你。
注:“动词+介词”、“动词+名词+副词”、“动词+副词+介词”,这三种搭配都是及物的,如变成被动语态,不可漏掉介词。In this way both grain and vegetable can be well looked after. (不能漏掉after) 这样一来,粮食和蔬菜都能兼顾了。
2、熟悉同一动词和不同介词或副词、不同的动词和同一介词或同一副词搭配在意义上的异。
(1)同一动词和不同介词搭配时,意义上的异。如:①hear from收到…的来信,hear of听说。 ②look after照料,look at看,look for寻找。
(2)同一动词和不同副词搭配时,意义上的异。如:①ring back回电话, ring off挂断电话, ring up打电话 ②put away放好, put on穿,上演, put up挂起,举起。
(3)不同动词和同一介词搭配时,在意义上的异。如:look for寻找, call for去取(某物),去接(某人), ask for请求, wait for等候, send for派人去叫。
(4)不同动词和同一副词搭配时,在意义上的异。如:①break out发生,爆炸, carry out进行,开展, go out熄灭, hand out分发, let out放出, look out当心, sell out卖完, set out出发, take out取出, work out算出。②break down出毛病, come down落下来, get down下车, take down取下, write down写下。
动词词义辨析检测练习
1.I can hardly ____ the difference between the two words.
A. point B.speak C.say D.l
2.I ____ you will write me back soon.
A. wish B.hope C.want D.need
3.I asked him to ____ me a few minutes so that I could he a word with him.
4. Father will not ____ us to touch anything in his room when he is away.
A. he B.let C. agree D. allow
5.I learned to ____ a bicycle as a all boy.
A. ride B. drive C. operate D.run
6.I can ____ you to the railway station in my car.
A. send B.pick C.ride D.take
7.If no one ____ the phone at home, ring me at work.
A. answers B. returns C. replies D. receives
8.1 don't know the restaurant, but it's____ to be quite a good one.
A.said B.told C.spoken D.talked
A. bring B. carry C.take D. fetch
10. There was a fight in the street yesterday. Three people were seriously ____.
A. hurt B. killed C. broken D.cut
11. Careless driving ____ a lot of highway accidents.
A. affects B. gives C. causes D. results
12. I've____my umbrella in the off and I'll he to fetch it.
A. forgot B.left C. remained D.lost
13 .The doctor says a few days' rest in a quiet place will ____ you a lot of good.
A. make B.do C.give D.get
14. His heart ____ fast when the teacher asked him a difficult question.
A. beat B.hit C. jumped D.ran
A. ells B. feels C. sounds D. tastes
16. Most children stay at home until they ____ school age.
A. get Be C. reach D. arrive
17. A single mistake here could ____ you your life.
A. pay B.take C. spend D.cost
18. The boy works hard. I____ him to succeed in the exam.
A. like B. expect C. think D.need
19. We ____ each other the best of luck in the examination.
20. I'm afraid Mr Brown isn't in. Would you like to____a message?
A.give B.lee C.carry D.take
21. Do you know the girl ____ a red coat?
A. dressed in B. had on C. wore D. put on
22. The assistant suggested Mary ____ the blue skirt.
A. buying B. bought C. to buy D. could buy
23. Our teacher suggested Wang Lin ____ to America for further study.
A. should send B. would be sent C. sending D.be sent
24. Old Mr Jackson insisted ____ to the Friendship Hospital.
A. on being sent B. to send C. on sending D. being sent
25. The father insisted that their son Tom ____ clr enough to study music.
A. be B. should be C.was D. would be
26.I ____ the evision set for 1,500 yuan.
A. bought B.paid C.cost D. spent
27.I ____ play football than basketball.
A. would rather B. had better C. like better D. prefer
28. - What are you doing? - I'm looking____ the children. They should
be back for lunch now.
A.after B.at C.for D.up
29. The sports meet will be ____ till next week because of the bad weather.
A. put off B. put away C. put up D. put down
30.I really don't want to go to the party, but I don't see how I can ____ it.
A. get back from B. get out of C. get away D. get off
31. Readers can ____ quite well without knowing the exact meaning of each word.
A. get over B. get in C; get along D. get through
32. Many foreigners ____ the Great Wall as the World's Snth Wonder.
A. look at B. look for C. look around D. look on
33.1 can' t hear clearly. Please ____ the radio ____ a little.
A.tum;on B.tum;off C.tum;down D.tum;up
34. Thirty people were expected, but only twenty - four ____.
A. turned in B. turned up C. turned to D. turn up
35. The child is running a high fr. We must____ a doctor at once.
A. send in B. send out C. send for D. send up
36. I'm going to a pop concert with Tom. He'll ____ me at eight and
we'll go there toge;
A. call for B. call in C. call on D. call up
37. It is often easier to make plans than it is to ____.
38. Your comition must be ____ after class.
A. handed to B. handed out C. handed in D. handed over
39. A new school was ____ in the village last year.
A. held up B. set up C. sent up D. brought up
40. - When did the plane ____? -At 2 o'clock.
A. take off' B. take up C. take away D. take place
41. ____! There's er ahead.
A. Look at B.Look up C.Look on D.Look out
42.Let's____ to clean the house. It's too dirty.
A.set about B.set out C.set off D.set down
43.I used to ____ my teacher when I was in Beijing.
A. call in . B. call at C. call for D. call on
44. He ____ from his family and settled down in America.
A. broke away B. broke out C. broke up D. broke in
45. He had to ____ his father's business after his death, though he didn't
really want to continue it.
A. carry out B. pick up C. set up D. carry on
46. The robbers had no trouble in ____ the bank, but when they came out ,the pol were waiting for them.
A. breaking out B. breaking into
C. breaking up D. breaking away from
47. Autumn is coming. The farmers are busy____ the crops in the fields.
A. moving in B. sharing in C. handing in D. getting in
48. All the students ____ their holidays to take part in planting trees.
A. ge out B. ge in C. ge up D. ge away
49. He was always the last to lee in order to clean up the workroom
and ____ the tools.
A. put away B. take away C. push aside D. look after
50.____ this article and l me what you think of it.
A. Look up B. Look on C. Look into D. Look through
1-5 DBBDA 6-10 CAABA 11-15 CBBAA 16-20 CDBDB 21-25 AADAC
26-30 AACAB 31-35 CDCBC 36-40 ADCBA 41-45 DBDAD 46-50 BDCAD
高考英语词组常考的高频固定搭配汇总
今天我为大家整理的是高中英语词组固定搭配,对大家的英语学习很有帮助哦,希望大家可以好好利用起来,下面就让我们一起来看一下吧。
一、接不定式(而不接动名词)作宾语的24个常用动词
afford to do sth. 负担得起做某事
agree to do sth. 同意做某事
arrange to do sth.安排做某事
ask to do sth. 要求做某事
beg to do sth. 请求做某事
care to do sth. 想要做某事
choose to do sth. 决定做某事
decide to do sth. 决定做某事
demand to do sth. 要求做某事
determine to do sth. 决心做某事
expect to do sth. 期待做某事
fear to do sth. 害怕做某事
to do sth. 帮助做某事
hope to do sth. 希望做某事
learn to do sth. 学习做某事
ma to do sth. 设法做某事
offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事
plan to do sth. 做某事
prepare to do sth. 准备做某事
pretend to do sth. 装做某事
promise to do sth. 答应做某事
refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事
want to do sth. 想要做某事
wish to do sth. 希望做某事
注:有些不及物动词后习惯上也接不定式,不接动名词:
aim to do sth. 打算做某事
fail to do sth. 未能做某事
long to do sth. 渴望做某事
happen to do sth. 碰巧做某事
hesitate to do sth. 犹豫做某事
struggle to do sth. 努力做某事
二、接不定式作宾补的36个常用动词
aise . to do sth. 建议某人做某事
allow . to do sth. 允许某人做某事
ask . to do sth.请(叫)某人做某事
bear . to do sth.忍受某人做某事
beg . to do sth. 请求某人做某事
cause . to do sth. 导致某人做某事
command . to do sth. 命令某人做某事
drive . to do sth .驱使某人做某事
elect . to do sth. 选举某人做某事
encoura3. The two old passengers fell into the sea. Unfortunay, neither of them could swim. Unfortunay修饰整个句子ge . to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事
expect . to do sth. 期望某人做某事
forbid . to do sth. 禁止某人做某事
force . to do sth. 某人做某事
get . to do sth. 使(要)某人做某事
hate . to do sth. 讨厌某人做某事
. to do sth. 帮助某人做某事
intend . to do sth. 打算要某人做某事
invite . to do sth. 邀请某人做某事
lee . to do sth. 留下某人做某事
like . to do sth. 喜欢某人做某事
mean . to do sth. 打算要某人做某事
need . to do sth. 需要某人做某事
oblige . to do sth. 迫使某人做某事
order . to do sth. 命令某人做某事
permit . to do sth. 允许某人做某事
persuade . to do sth. 说服某人做某事
prefer . to do sth. 宁愿某人做某事
request . to do sth. 要求某人做某事
remind . to do sth. 提醒某人做某事
teach . to do sth .教某人做某事
l . to do sth. 告诉某人做某事
train . to do sth. 训练某人做某事
trouble . to do sth. 麻烦某人做某事
want . to do sth. 想要某人做某事
warn . to do sth. 某人做某事
注:不要受汉语意思的影响而误用以下动词句型:
汉语说:“害怕某人做某事”,但英语不说fear . to do sth.。
汉语说:“原谅某人做某事”,但英语不说excuse [forgive] . to do sth.。
汉语说:“拒绝某人做某事”,但英语不说refuse . to do sth.。
汉语说:“惩罚某人做某事”,但英语不说punish . to do sth.。
汉语说:“建议某人做某事”,但英语不说suggest [proe] . to do sth.。
汉语说:“某人做某事”,但英语不说approve . to do sth.。
汉语说:“通知某人做某事”,但英语不说rm . to do sth.。
汉语说:“欢迎某人做某事”,但英语不说welcome . to do sth.。
汉语说:“坚持某人做某事”,但英语不说insist [persist] . to do sth.。
汉语说:“希望某人做某事”,但英语不说hope . to do sth.。
汉语说:“安排某人做某事”,但英语不说arrange . to do sth.。
汉语说:“要求某人做某事”,但英语不说demand . to do sth.。
汉语说:“感谢某人做某事”,但英语不说thank . to do sth.。
汉语说:“祝贺某人做某事”,但英语不说congratulate . to do sth.。
汉语说:“阻止某人做某事”,但英语不说prnt . to do sth.。
要表示以上意思,可换用其他表达:
汉语的“原谅某人做某事”,英语可说成excuse [forgive] . for doing sth.。
汉语的“希望某1、will的用法人做某事”,英语可说成wish . to do sth.。
汉语的“建议某人做某事”,英语可说成aise . to do sth.。
汉语的“安排某人做某事”,英语可说成arrange for . to do sth.。
汉语的“要求某人做某事”,英语可说成demand of . to do sth.。
汉语的“感谢某人做某事”,英语可说成thank . for doing sth.。
汉语的“祝贺某人做某事”,英语可说成congratulate . on doing sth.。
汉语的“阻止某人做某事”,英语可说成prnt . from doing sth.。
三、接动名词(不接不定式)作宾语的34个常用动词
admit doing sth. 承认做某事 aise doing sth. 建议做某事
allow doing sth. 允许做某事 appreciate doing sth. 感激做某事
oid doing sth. 避免做某事 consider doing sth. 考虑做某事
delay doing sth. 推迟做某事 deny doing sth. 否认做某事
discuss doing sth. 讨论做某事 dislike doing sth. 不喜欢做某事
enjoy doing sth. 喜爱做某事 escape doing sth. 逃脱做某事
excuse doing sth. 原谅做某事 fancy doing st2、不及物动词h. 设想做某事
finish doing sth. 完成做某事 forbid doing sth. 禁止做某事
forgive doing sth. 原谅做某事 give up doing sth. 放弃做某事
imagine doing sth. 想象做某事 keep doing sth. 保持做某事
mention doing sth. 提及做某事 mind doing sth. 介意做某事
miss doing sth. 错过做某事 pardon doing sth. 原谅做某事
permit doing sth. 允许做某事 pract doing sth. 练习做某事
prnt doing sth. 阻止做某事 prohibit doing sth. 禁止做某事
put off doing sth. 推迟做某事 report doing sth. 报告做某事
risk doing sth. 冒险做某事 stop doing sth. 停止做某事
2020高考英语必背语法知识点
根据作文的行文走向,适当增加一些与主题相关的语句,或根据作文题目中提示的要点,恰如其分地衍生出一些句子,即能够起到“前引后联”的作用,又可以补充一些相关信息,帮助读者理解所写内容。此外,还可以起到协调句式,避免单调的作用。【篇一】2020高考英语必背语法知识点
Carry on 继续贯彻一、不定式做主语:
1、不定式做主语一般表示具体的某次动作。===动名词doing 表示习惯的,经常的动作。
e.g: To finish the building in a month is difficult.
To do such things is foolish.
To see is to beli. (对等)
注: 1). 不定式作主语时,谓语用单数
2). 当主语较长,谓语较短时,常用it做形式主语,而将不定式放到谓语的后面。
it做形式主语,不定式放在谓语动词之后常用于下列结构中:
(1)It is/was +adj.+of . to do…
(2) It is +adj.+for .+to do…
It is easy / difficult / hard / foolish / unwise / right / wrong / unnecessary
(3) it is +a +名词+ to do...
It is a pity / a pleasure / a pleasant thing / one’s duty / an honor / a shame / a crime / no easy job… to do
It takes (.) some time / courage / patience …to do…
It requires courage / patience / hard work… to do…
注意: probable 和 sible 均可作表语,但sible可以用不定式作真实主语, 而probable不能用不定式作真实主语。
It is probable for him to come to the meeting.(错)
It is sible for him to come to the meeting.
It is sible / probable that he will come to the meeting.
【篇二】2020高考英语必背语法知识点
She found the door broken in when she came back.(宾补与宾语有被动的关系,表一种状态。)
一. 过去分词用在表状态的动词keep,lee等的后面。
Eg:They kept the door locked for a long time.
Keep your mouth shut and your eyes open.(谚语:少说多看)
Don't lee such an important thing undone.
Don't lee the windows broken like this all the time.
二.过分词用在get,he,make, 的后面。
1.注意“he +宾语+过去分词”的两种情况:
A)表"让某人做某事/让某事(被人)做"
eg: I he had my bike repaired.
The villagers had many trees planted just then.
B)表"遭遇到某种不幸,受到打击/受....影响,蒙受..... 损失"
Eg:I had my wallet stolen on a bus last month.
The old man had his leg broken in the accident.
He had his leg broken in the match yesterday.(MET1986)
2."make+宾语+过去分词",在这种结构中,过去分词的动词必须是表示结果含义的。如:
They mad to make themselves understood in very English.
I raised my vo to make myself heard.
三、过去分词用在感观动词watch,not,see,hear,listen to ,feel,find等后面。如
When we got to school,we saw the door locked.
We can hear the windows beaten by the hey rain drops.
He felt himself cheated.
The mars discussed the plan that they would like to see carried out the next year.(NMET2000)
四、过去分词用在want,wish,liOf course,things are totally different today. It is not the story itself but what is reflected in the story that counts. Hard work pays off. We should take pains to improve ourselves through learning and get prepared for the future.ke ,expect等表示“希望,愿望”这一类动词后面做宾补。如
The boss wouldn't like the problem discussed at the moment.
I would like my house painted white.
I want the suit made to his own measure.
I wish the problem settled.
五、过去分词用在“with +宾语+宾补”这一结构中,过去分词与宾语之间是动宾关系。如:
The thief was brought in with his hands tied behind his back.
With many brightly-coloured flowers planted around the building ,his house looks like a beautiful garden.
六、过去分词、现在分词、和不定式作宾补的区别。
现在分词作宾补:宾语和补语之间是主谓关系。其动作与谓语动作同时进行。
过去分词作宾补:宾语和补语之间是动宾关系。其动作先于谓语动作。
不定式作宾补:表一个完成的动作、或表一个很短时间内看到、听到或感觉到的具体动作。
eg:He didn't not me waiting.
I heard the song sung in English.
I saw him opening the window.
I saw the window opened.
I saw him open the window.
I heard her sing the song in English.
【篇三】2020高考英语必背语法知识点
助动词
1)协助主要动词构成谓语动词的词叫助动词。被协助的动词称作主要动词。助动词自身没有词义,不可单独使用。例如:
He doesn′t like English.他不喜欢英语。
(doesn′t是助动词,无词义;like是主要动词,有词义)
2) 助动词协助主要动词完成以下功用,可以用来:
a. 表示时态。例如:
He has got married.他已结婚。
b. 表示语态。例如:
He was sent to England.他被派往英国。
c. 构成疑问句。例如:
Do you like college life?你喜欢大学生活吗?
Did you study English before you came here?你来这儿之前学过英语吗?
d. 与否定副词not合用,构成否定句。例如:
e. 加强语气。例如:
Do come to the party tomorrow ning. 明天晚上一定来参加晚会。
He did know that. 他的确知道那件事。
3) 最常用的助动词有:be, he, do, shall, will, should, would等。
3 助动词be的用法
1) be +现在分词,构成进行时态。例如:
They are hing a meeting.他们正在开会。
English is becoming more and more important. 英语现在越来越重要。(安通学校提供)
2)be + 过去分词,构成被动语态。例如:
The window was broken by Tom..窗户是汤姆打碎的。
【篇四】2020高考英语必背语法知识点
什么是副词?
指出句中的副词:
1. You are standing near the camera.. Can you move a little farther? a little修饰副词“farther”表示程度 farther修饰动词“move”表示方式
2. Miss Long usually goes to school by bus. usually修饰动词goes,表示频度、频率
4. I won’t go with you. It’s much too hot today. much too修饰形容词,表示程度修饰形容词hot,修饰形容词
【篇五】2020高考英语必背语法知识点
一、不定式做主语:
1、不定式做主语一般表示具体的某次动作。动名词doing表示习惯的,经常的动作。
e.g:Tofinishthebuildinginamonthisdifficult.
Todosuchthingsisfoolish.
Toseeistobeli.(对等)
注:1).不定式作主语时,谓语用单数
2).当主语较长,谓语较短时,常用it做形式主语,而将不定式放到谓语的后面。
it做形式主语,不定式放在谓语动词之后常用于下列结构中:
(1)Itis/was+adj.+of.todo…
(2)Itis+adj.+for.+todo…
Itiseasy/difficult/hard/foolish/unwise/right/wrong/unnecessary
(3)itis+a+名词+todo...
Itisapity/apleasure/apleasantthing/one’sduty/anhonor/ashame/acrime/noeasyjob…todo
Ittakes(.)sometime/courage/patience…todo…
Itrequirescourage/patience/hardwork…todo…
Itisprobableforhimtocometothemeeting.(错)
Itissibleforhimtocometothemeeting.
Itissible/probablathewillcometothemeeting.
高三英语写作常用句型
高三英语写作常用句型
几乎所有的英语写作试题都要求写原因或者可以写原因。因此,掌握好表达原因的结构是十分重要的。下面是我分享的英语写作常用句型,希望能帮到大家!
话题句型
1. 提建议
had better (not) do (不)做
how about / what about doing …怎么样?
I think you should do 我认为你应该…
I suggest that you should do 我建议你做…
If I were you, I would do…我要是你的话,我会做…
It’s best to do 做…
Why not do / why don’t you do…? 为什么不…
2. 表示喜欢和感兴趣
like / love doing
enjoy doing
be fond of doing 喜欢做…
prefer to do A rather than do B 宁愿做A也不愿做B
be interested in doing = show/ take great interest in n / doing 对...感兴趣
3. 努力做Bring in 1.引进2.赚得…
try to do努力做…
strive to do 努力做…
try one’s best to do= do one’s best to do 竭尽全力做…
make efforts to do = make ry effort to do 尽力做…
do what can (do ) to do 尽力做…
spare no effort to do 不遗余力的做…
do what / rything . can to do 尽某人全力做…
4. 打算做… / 做…
intend / plan to do 打算做…
be going to do 打算/做…
decide to do 决定做…
determine to do决定做…
be determined to do决定做…
make up one’s mind to do下定决心做…
5. 表示想/希望
want to do = would like to do 想做…
hope to do 希望做…
expect to do 期待着做…
wish to do 希望做…
consider doing 考虑做…
6. 只加 doing 作宾语的动词
finish / pract / suggest / consider / mind / enjoy doing
议论文常用句型
1. It is a fact that….
2. It is well-known that….
3. There is no doubt that….
4. I think that….
5. Contrary to the popular thought, I prefer….
6. Some people say/beli/claim that….
7. It is generally belid that….
8. It is widely accepted that….
9. It is argued/held that….
10. While it is commonly belid that…, I beli….
11. It can be concluded that….
12. People’s views vary from person to person.
原因句型
1、Violent films can do harm to young people,because they contains numerous negative rmation.影片对年轻人是有害的,因为其中包含大量。
2、Human beings are chiefly responsible for wild animal extinction.野生动物灭绝的主要在人类。
3、We should attribute(ascribe)medical aances tothe animals which do substantial contributions to the experiment.我们应该把医学的发展归因于动物对实验做出的巨大贡献。
4、Because of overpopulation, water shortage has become one of the most serious problems.由于人口过剩,水短缺已经成为一个最的问题。
5、Owing to the fiercecompetition in today’s world, a great many young people find themselves under great pressure.由于当今世界的激烈竞争,大量的年轻人承受巨大的压力。
高三英语作文写作技巧
追加成分,扩展句子
在阅读理解中遇到长句子时,我们要学会通过找句子主干,把长句子缩短;而在写作文时,我们则要反其道而行,针对目标句子,我们在要点基础上适当添加合乎逻辑的附加成分,如定语(从句)、状语(从句)、非谓语结构、主格等成分,使表达更清晰,主题更突出。
例1高考临近,学习时间变紧,任务英语中有一些表示方式、 程度的副词具有两种形式。 如late,lay;加重,很多同学内心压力大,学习效率低下。请为即将举行的班会写一篇英语演讲稿,谈谈你对保持良好的精神状态,高效而健康地进行复习备考的建议。要点如下:坚持锻炼;合理;注重饮食。
要点拓展如下:
1.坚持锻炼
普通表达:We should keep on doing exercise.
高级表达:To keep up good spirits and prepare for the big day efficiently and healthily,we are aised to do regular workout,building up our bodies.
2.合理
普通表达:We should he proper study plan.
高级表达:Nr hesitate to make an organized and proper schedule,which contributes much to the accomplishment of our academic assignments.
3.注重饮食
普通表达:we should pay special attention to our diet as well.
高级表达:Certainly,ke4.否定形式:主语+was/were+not + going to + do; 主语+would/should + not + do.eping a balanced diet,we are bound to feel energetic and dynamic,which serves the most essential functions.
点评:在对所给要点进行简要分析之后,就应考虑使用哪些词语和句式,从而符合五档作文所要求的“有高级词汇和高级句式”的标准。在以上三个要点的处理上,通过添加高级词汇如efficiently and healthily,regular workout,organized and proper schedule,academic assignments,feel energetic and dynamic,essential以及分词结构、定语从句等成分,充分扩充了句子,不仅篇幅更长,亮点也更多了。
补加语句,充实文章
例2定你是李华,你的朋友汤姆得知学生数学成绩总体优于英国学生,所以他想知道数学教与学的情况,请你写一封邮件回复他。要点如下:课堂学习时间;作业量;课外学习等。
要点拓展如下:
1.课堂学习时间
A special Chinese high school student usually has sn math classes per week,and some schools n offer nine classes for math,in which teachers often address key points and most common problems they’ve found in students’ homework handed in recently.
2.作业量
Due to teachers’ immediay feedback on their homework,the majority of the students are able to he a good command of their learning materials,n though the workload is quite huge.
3.课外学习
Besides homework,some students also ma to spend extra time reviewing what they’ve learned in class and get their notes organized. The revision style varies,but there is a common belief among students that math is of great importance. As a result,they devote quantities of time to it.
点评:该作文题所给提示并不多。在完成该作文前,同学们要考虑以下几个问题:1.课堂学习时间是多还是少?每周有多少节课?2.作业量是大还是小?每天有多少?3.课外学生都有哪些课外活动来学习数学?
通过有针对性地对目标进行分析,我们要为自己的作文找到拓展的方向。
此外,我们还可以根据实际情况添加一两句名言警句来点缀文章,使评分再上一个档次。
例3 Were I three years younger than I am now,I would strongly recommend that I set more practical and specific goals. As an old saying goes,living without a clear and achievable aim is like sailing without a compass. Compared with many abstract objectives,practical ones can bring us more courage and confidence whenr we make one step forward.
点评:Living without a clear and achievable aim is like sailing without a compass.这个句子尽管结构并不复杂,属于“主—系—表”结构,但该句采用了类比这一修辞手法,将无目标的生活比作无指南针的航海,顿时使人生目标形象起来。
添加过渡,条理清晰
在写作当中,恰当使用一些衔接手段,包括使用过渡词和过渡句,可以使文章严谨、流畅、富有节奏。
1.主题:环境保护;
2.展览时间;
3.投稿邮箱:intlphotoshow@gmschool。
注意:
1.词数100左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Dear Peter,
Our school photography club is going to hold an International High School student Photography Show. As far as I know,the theme of the show is environmental protection. Actually,I know you are gifted in taking good pictures and he always wanted to do soming for environmental protection. I clearly remember you showed me some photos on that theme the last time you visited our school. In addition,it will start from June 15th and last three weeks and what makes us excited is that any student who is interested can participate in it. In a word,I firmly beli that this is surely a good chance for more people to see them. If you want to join,please send your photos to intlphotoshow@gm.school.
Hope to hear from you soon.
Yours,
Li Hua
点评:本篇范文很好地完成了要求,要点扩充合情合理。全文句式多样化,并没有一直使用陈述句,而是穿插使用祈使句等多种句式,符合邀请函的`特点。文章中使用了较多的复合句,如定语从句any student who is interested can participate in it,时间状语从句... the last time you visited our school,条件状语从句If you want to join ...等,体现出不错的驾驭英语的能力。
此外,本文使用了as far as I know,in addition,in a word,等过渡短语,巧妙地将三个要点“主题、展览时间、投稿邮箱”串联起来,使阅卷老师对作者表述的意思一目了然,同时也增强了文章的条理。
我们写作当中经常会用到的过渡语有:first of all,to begin/start with,in the first place,first and foremost,second(ly),furthermore,moreover,what’s more,in addition,besides,but,howr,on the contrary,noneless,in contrast/comparison,nrtheless,hence,therefore,in conclusion,to conclude,in a word,last but not least等。
重点突出,详加描述
在对文章进行展开时,除了可以采用前文提到的添加追加成分、过渡成分来拓展句子外,我们还可以根据题目提示,确定整篇文章的主要点和次要点,在主要点上着力发挥,次要点表述清楚即可,不用过多渲染。
例4读下面图画,按要求用英语写一篇词数为120左右的短文。
内容包括:
描述画面;
概述其含义;
谈谈个人感想。
凿壁偷光
注意:
1.短文开头已给出,不计入总词数;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
3.短文中不能出现与本人相关的信息。
In the picture,we can see a boy in worn clothes,who was reading a book with full attention. He was sitting at a shabby wooden table with a pile of books on it and a weak ray of light came in through a all hole in the wall.
This is a well-known story from an ancient Chinese idiom. The boy,being poor,couldn’t afford n a candle,so he bored a hole in the wall to “steal” light from his neighbor’s house to read at night. The moral of the story is that we should spare no effort to acquire knowledge and nr get discouraged easily no matter how difficult the situation may be.
点评:该篇习作语言丰富,表达准确,结构清晰,过渡自然,尤其在内容的安排和取舍上,处理得十分恰当。本题的三个要点中,要点3是本文的重头戏,体现了高考作文题的“思想性”,本文对此着重“泼墨”,所占篇幅几乎为全文篇幅一半,要点2次之;针对要点1,本文对仅需作简要描述,一句话即可。
“不积小流,无以成江河;不积跬步,无以至千里”。要想写出高质量的考场作文,就需要“适当添加细节”。而细节的增加需要从实际需要出发,结合作文的题材、体裁以及题中给出的要点,“画龙点睛”式地添加,不要信口开河,更不能够信马由缰、乱加一气,最终偏离主题,给阅卷老师留下“该写的不写,不该写的写得过多”的不良印象。
;
高中英语动词词组的总结
A. carry on them B. carry out them C. carry them on D. carry them outAdd … to 往---加
I dress my children in the morning ry day.Add to 增加
Add up 把---加起来
Add up to 合计
Agree on 达成一致
Agree to 同意某事 建议
Agree with 1. 同意某人/某人的话 2合适,符合
Break a record 打破记录
Break the law 违法
Break down 1.分解2.机器失灵3.身体垮掉
Break up 1.分解2.结束
Break into 闯入
Break away from 脱离.分离
Break out 爆发
Break off 折断
Bring up 1.抚养教育2.呕吐
Bring down 降价
Call back 回电话
Call in 召集
Call on 1.拜访某人2.
Call on . to do 某人做
Call at sw.1.拜访某地2.(车)停靠
Call out 大声喊出
Call up 1.给---打电话 2.使某人回忆起- - -
Call off 取消
Call for 1.要求2.找某人
Carry away 抬走带走
Carry off 叼走,夺走
Catch sight of 突然看见
Catch .doing 正巧撞见某人做某事
Catch . by the arm 抓住胳膊
Catch fire 着火
Catch up with 赶上
Catch a cold 着凉,
Be caught in the the rain淋雨
Come across 偶遇
Come for 过来取
Come along 一起来
Come to 1.苏醒2.达到3.得出结论
Come to an agreement 达成一致
Come back to life 苏醒,万物复苏
Come from 来自于
Come into begin 形成
Come into power 上台执政
go in for 从事,参加;爱好Come into effect 生效
Come up 1.发芽2.问题被提出
Come off 1.举行2.钮扣脱落
Come out 1.出来2.出版3.开花
Come true 变成现实
Do away with 摆脱
Do with 1.处理2.涉及
Do up 1.系扣2.整理,梳理
Do . wrong 错怪,冤枉
Do harm to 对---有坏处
Do good to 对---有好处
Do .a for 帮个忙
Do well in 擅长
Do a good deed 做好事
Do damage to 做坏事 破坏
Get to do 让某人做某事
Get ready for 为---准备
Get sth. done=he sth. done 遭遇不幸
Get in 1.收割2.车进站
Get in a word 插话
Get in touch with 取得联系
Get into trouble 陷入麻烦
Get into the habit of 养成习惯
Get to know 逐渐了解
Get along/on with 与---相处 进展
Get on the bus 上车
Get off 1.脱衣服2.下车
Get away from 逃跑
Get back 取回,要回
Get down to 着手做
Get through 1.接通电话2.完成,做完
Get toger 聚会
Get round 流传
Get up 1.起床2.起身
Get over 克服(overcome)
Get rid of 摆脱
Get close to 与接近
Get used to (doing)sth 习惯
1.动词十介词/副词
account for 说明...的原因,是...的原因
arrive at 达成,达成
ask after 探问,问起
bring forth 产生,提出
bring forward 提出,提议;提前
catch at 试图抓住,拼命抓
check up (on) 检查,核实
count on/upon 依靠,指望
count up 共计,算出...的总数
cover up 掩饰,掩盖;盖住,裹住
cross off/out 划掉,勾销
drop by/in 顺便(或偶然)访问
fall through 落空,成为泡影
get across (将...)清楚,(使)被了解
go with 跟...相配;与...相伴;附属于
hand on 把...传下去
hold on 坚持住,握住不放;(打电话时)不挂断,等-会
keep back 阻止,抑制;隐瞒,保留
keep off (使)不接近,(使)让开
keep to 遵守,信守;坚持
look into 调查,观察
look on 旁观,观看
look out (for) 留神,注意
look over 把...看一遍,把...过目;察看,参观
look through 详尽核查;(从头至尾)浏览
pass away
pass (as) 充作,被看作,被当作
run over 在...上驶过,(撞倒并)碾过;把...很快地(或粗略地)过一遍
see off 为...送行
see through 看透,识破
see to 注意,照料
shut out 把...排斥在外
sit in on 列席(会议),旁听
sit up 不睡,熬皮;坐直
stand for 代替,代表,意味着,主张,支持;[用于否定、疑问句]容忍,接受
stand out 清晰地显出,引人注目;杰出,出色
touch on/upon 谈到,论及
turn down 关小,调低;拒绝
turn in 交还,上交;上床睡觉
3.其他动词词组
add up to 合计达,总括起来,意味着
com true (预言,期望等)实现,成为事实
come up to 达到(标准),比得上
do away with 废除,去掉
fall back on 借助于,依靠
fall in with 符合,同意,;与...交往
as follows 如下
get along with 与...相处(融洽)
hang on to 紧紧抓住;保留(某物)
lend itself to 适合于
let alone 不打扰,不惊动,更别提
高考英语考查的重点——情态动词1
Carry out 贯彻我们知道情态动词是高考单项选择中每年必考的内容,而且不仅仅限于此,在其它题型也以不同的形式加以考查因此我们有必要对它们仔细分析,争取在高考中得到这举足轻重的一分甚至几分。下面我就结合高考中常常出现的情态动词加以分析和概括,并且对最近3年的关于情态动词的考查加以概括和解析,以期对复习备考的高三考生能有所帮助。
1. Can 可以表示可能性。如: He can be right. 他可能是对的。用于肯定句中 (2) can还可以表示能力;提出建议。如: I can run very fast. 我能跑的非常快。 We can eat here, if you like.如果你愿意,我们在这儿吃吧。 (3)用于疑问句表示许可;要求;怀疑等。如: Can I take you home? 带你回家好吗?Can you me? 能帮我忙吗?Can it be true? 是真的吗? (4) 用于否定句表示不可能。如:That can’t be Mary.那不可能是玛丽。 (5) 用于疑问句表示怀疑。如: Can it be true? 那是真的吗? (6)用于提出建议。如: We can eat here, if you like.如果你喜欢,我们可以在这儿吃饭。 be able to 可以用于各种时态,表示不能力,而且还能够做成功。
2. Could (1) 表示允许。如: Could I use the phone? 我能用一下电话吗? (2) 表示请求。如: Could you type me one more letter? 你能再多给我打一封信吗?(3) 表示结果。如: I’m so gry that I could eat a horse. 我如此饿,一致于能吃好多。 (4) 表示可能性。如:You could be right. 你可能是对的。 (5) 表示建议。如:You could try this number.你可以试一下这个号码。 (6)表示虚拟或委婉的语气。如: If I were a bird , I could fly. 如果我是一只鸟的话,我就能够飞翔。 Could I interrupt a moment?能打断一下吗?
3. May (1) 表示许可,允许。如:May I come in? 我可以进来吗?(2) 表示可能。如: That may or may not be true. 那可能对,也可能不对。(3)表示目的。如: I’ll call him so that he may know when to expect us. 我将给他打电话以便他能知道什么时候等我们。 (4)表示用于询问情况。如: Who may you be?你能是谁呢? (5)表示愿望和希望。如 May you succeed! 祝你成功! 另外May not 表示可能不, 而can’t/couldn’t 表示不可能。如: He may not be at home. 他可能不在家。I can’t /couldn’t do that thing.我不可能做那事。
4. Might (1) 表示许可。如: Might I make a suggestion? 我可以提个建议吗?(2) 表示可能。如:He might get here in time. 他可能及时来这儿。 (3) 用于询问情况。如:Who might she be ? 她能是谁呢?(4)用于委婉的请求或呼吁请求。如; You might offer to at least.你至少该提供帮助。
6. Would (1)表示设想事情的结果。如: I would think it over if I were you.如果我是你的话,我将仔细考虑的。 (2)表示提出客气的请求。如: Would you please pay me in cash?请你用支付好吗? (3) 表示提建议或邀请。如: Would you like to sit down?请你坐下吗? (4)表示 表示评论特有的行为。如:That’s just what he would say. 那就是你要说的吗?(5) 表示目的。如:She burnt the letters so that he would nr read them. 她烧了信一致于他将再也无法读了。would 表示过去经常发生的情况。如:I would do it as my will. 我将随心所欲的做我乐意做的事。 would rather 表示宁愿做某事。如:I would rather you do it again..我宁愿你再。而Used to表示过去常常,而现在不再这么做了。如:I used to go swimming。我过去常去游泳。
7. Shall (1)表示预言。如: I shall get there on time. 我将按时到达的。 (2)表示意愿或决心。如: I shall write to you again. 我会再给你写信的。 (3) 表示提供意见或建议。如:What shall we do this time?这次我们做什么呢? (4) 表示命令或指示。如:She shall suffer for it. 她将因那而痛苦的。
8. Should (1) 表示或义务。如:You shouldn’t drink and drive.你不应该饮酒后架车。 (2) 表示试探性的推断。如:We should arrive before dark.天黑之前我们会到达的。 (3) 表示定的结果。如: We should move to 高考英语动词词组宝典Beijing if we had the money .如果我们有钱的话,我们将要去。 (4)表示目的或动机。如: She repeated it so that he should understand .她重复了一遍又一遍,以便能够理解它。 (5) 表示请求的客气说法。如:We should be grateful for your .我们应该感谢你的帮助。 (6)表示不感兴趣或难以相信。如: How should I know? 我怎么知道啊?
9. Ought to (1) 表示或义务。如:We ought to start at once. 我们要立刻开始。 (2)表示推测性结论。如: If he started at nine, he ought to be here by now. 如果他9点开始的话,他到现在应该在这儿了。
10. Must 多表示人的情感。另外还可以(1)表示必要。如: I must go to the bank to get some money. 我必须去银行取一些钱。 (2) 表示劝告或建议。如:I must ask you not to do that again . 我劝你不要再做那事了。(3) 表示做出逻辑推断。如: You must be gry after such a long work. 工作了这么长时间,你一定饿了吧。 (4) 表示坚持。如:You must put your name down for the team. 你必须报名参加那个队。而He to主要表示客观上必须,不得不。另外还可以 (1) 表示义务或。如:I he to pass the exam.我必须通过考试。 (2) 表示劝告或建议。如:You simply he to get a new job.你只是需要一个新工作。 (3)表示得出合乎逻辑的结论。如: There has to be a solution 总会有办法的。
11. Need (1)表示必要。如:You needn’t finish that job today.你不必今天完成工作。 (2) need he done 表示表示曾经做过的事无必要。如: You needn’t he hurried. 你不必匆匆忙忙。
12. Dare (1) 表示敢,敢于,竟敢,胆敢等。如:I dare not ask her for a rise.我不敢向她D、He demanded that we (should)start right away.(表示建议虚拟)提出加薪。 (2) How dare do sth 表示对他人举动的愤慨。如: How dare you say that ?你怎么敢那么说?
高考英语情态动词语法知识点与用法
A. spend B. spare C.se D. share在英语学习中,情态动词经常出现,同时它也有很多讲究呢。比如dare就很强硬,比较负面,而may就比较的和善,为了避免在谈话时把“讨论”变成“攻击”,我们一定要学会善用情态动词哦!我整理了相关资料,希望能帮助到您。
高考英语情态动词语法知识点
情态动词
一、can和could
1、can的用法
(1)表示体力和脑力方面的能力。
(2)表示对现在的动作或状态进行主观的猜测,主要用在否定句和疑问句中。
(3)表示可能性,理论上的可能性,意为“有时候可能会”,可用于肯定句。
(4)表示允许,意思与may接近。
(5)表示说话人的推测、怀疑、惊异、猜测或不肯定等,主要用于否定句、疑问句或感叹句中。
(6)can的特殊句型
cannot…too / enhow, when, where, why, wher, howr, meanwhileough表示“无论怎么。。。也不过分”。“越。。。越好”。
cannot but+ do sth.表示“不得不,只好”。
2、could的用法
(1)表示能力,指的是过去时间。
(2)表示允许,指的是过去时间。
(3)表示可能,可以指过去时间,也可以指现在时间,表示语气缓和。
(4)委婉客气地提出问题或陈述看法,指的是现在时间。主要用于疑问句,回答时用can。
3、can与could的区别
can表推测时只用于否定句和疑问句(could无此限制)。couldn’t的可能性比can’t小。
4、can与be able to的区别
(1)现在时:无区别,但后者不常用。
(2)完成时;can没有完成时,此时要用he(has,had)been able to。
(3)将来时:can没有将来时,要用will be able to。
(4)过去时:could表示一般能力,was/were able to 表示在具体场合通过努力成功做成某事的能力。
二、may 和might
1、may的用法
(1)表示询问或说明一件事可不可以做。
(2)表示一件事或许会发生或某种情况可能会存在,通常用在肯定句和否定句中。
注意:表示可能性时,can’t语气强,表示“不可能”,may not语气弱,表示“可能不”。
2、might的用法
(1)表示询问或允许,指的是过去时间。
(2)表示可能发生的事,可以指过去时间,也可以指现在时间,语气更加不肯定,可能性比may小一些。
3、may与might的特殊用法
(1)“may+主语+动词原形”表示祝愿。
(2)“may/ might well+动词原形”表示(完全)能,很可能。
(3)“may/ might as well+动词原形”表示,满可以,倒不如。
(4)may be 是“情态动词+系动词be”结构,表示“可能有,可能在”,否定式为may not be。
maybe是一个词,为副词,意为“大概,或许,可能”,在句中作状语。
三、must的用法
1、表示“必须”,多强调说话人的主观看法。
2、must和he to 的区别:
(1)must表示说话人的义务或说话人主观认为“必须,应当”做某事;he to表示由于某种外界原因而“必须,不得不”做某事。即must侧重说明主观看法,he to强调客观需要。
(2)must只有一种形式,可用于现在、过去或将来时,但he to有不同的形式,可用于不同的时态。
(3)在否定句中,don’t need to, don’t he to, needn’t表示没有义务;mustn’t表示禁止。
3、must的否定形式must not/ mustn’t 意为“不许,禁止”,表示禁止。若表示“没必要,不必”,应使用needn’t或don’t he to。
注意:对must作否定回答时,不用mustn’t,用needn’t或don’t he to。
4、must 表示“偏偏”,指令人不快的事情。
5、must用来表示推测,意为i“准是,肯定是”,一般用于肯定句,肯定程度比may,might大的多。
四、need的用法
1、need用作情态动词,后面接动词原形,通常用在否定句和疑问句中。
2、回答need时,肯定回答用must,否定回答用needn’t或don’t he to。
3、need用作实义动词时,有时态、人称和数的变化,后面加to do。
4、need to do和need doing
need to do中不定式的逻辑主语就是主句的主语;need doing是主动形式表示被动含义,即need前的主语就是need后面的动词所表示的动作的承受者。
注意:want和require作“需要”讲时,和need的用法相同。
5、needn’t he done与didn’t need to do
needn’t he done表示过去本不必做但实际上却做了某事
didn’t need to do表示过去不必做而实际上也没做某事
五、dare的用法
1、dare用作情态动词,后面接动词原形,通常用在否定句和疑问句和条件句中;它没有人称和数的变化,但有过去式(dared)。
2、dare用作实义动词时,有时态、人称和数的变化,后面加to do。
注意:(1)I dare say意为“我认为,我相信,很可能”。
(2)dare用作实义动词时,表示“敢冒(危险),不俱”。
(3)dare可用于激将或挑战。例:He dared me to jump down.
六、will和would
(1)可以表示主观意志、意愿,可用于各种人称。
(2)可以表示经常性、习惯性、倾向性等,意为“经常,惯于,总是”。
(3)表示命令(说话这确信命令一定会得到执行)或允诺。
(4)will可用于祈使句的附加疑问句。
(5)用于疑问句,表“邀请,请求”,常与第二人称you连用。
2、would的用法
(1)作为will的过去时态,用于过去时中,表示主观愿望或意志,意为“愿意,执意”。
(2)用与第二人称,表示谦恭的请求或征求意见,比will更为客气。
(3)表示过去的习惯,后接动词原形,意为“总是,总会”。
(4)would表意愿用于词组中。
Would like “喜欢,想要”(=would love)
Would rather “宁愿”。
七、shall和should
1、shall的用法
(1)shall用于、三人称陈述句中,表示说话人征求对方的意见或向对方请示。
(2)shall用于第二、第三人称陈述句中,表示说话人给对方的命令、、允诺或威胁。
(3)用于所有人称,表示规章、法令、预言等,可译为“必须”。
2、should的用法
(1)表示义务、或劝告、建议、命令等,意为“应该”。
(2)表示有一定根据的推测、推论或可能性,意为“可能,该”(肯定的语气没有must表推测时强)。
(3)多用于疑问句中,表示惊讶、难以相信或不应该的事。
(4)ought to和should的比较
A、ought to也可以表示推论、可能性,和should用法一样。
B、在省略回答中,ought to中的to可以省略。
C、should和ought to表示做正确的事情或理应做的事情。
be suped to 意为“被期望,应该”,表示被期望发生或根据安排、要求做某事,或认为做某事是正常的。
八、had better 意为“”,’d better 为其缩写形式,其后续跟动词原形。
注意:had better 的否定形式had better not。
九、used to “过去常常”,仅用于过去时态中,通常用于所有人称。
1、used to +动词原形,表示过去(有规律的)习惯或过去某一时期的的状况,但现在已不存在。
2、其反意疑问句简略回答中,也有两种形式:didn’t ,use(d)n’t
3、used to 和would的区别
(1)used to 可表示过去经常发生的动作或存在的状态,而would仅表示过去习惯性或重复性的动作。
(2)used to 强调过去的行为同现在的对比,含有“过去如此,现在已不再这样了”之意。Would仅表示过去习惯性动作,没有预先在对比的含义。
(3)used to不能跟表确定时间短的时间状语连用。
(4)used to 可用于无人称句和存在句,而would则不可。
4、used to与be used to do和be used to doing
(1)used to表示“过去常常”隐含现在不这样了,其中to是不定式符号,后跟动词原形,仅用于过去时态。
(2)be/get/become used to 表示“习惯于”时,意为“变得习惯于“或“开始习惯于”。
(3)be used to do表示“被用来”。
十、情态动词后的某些动词形式
1、情态动词+he done
(1)“must+he+done”表示对过去事情的肯定推测,译成“一定做过某事”,该结构只用于肯定句。
(2)“can't+he+done”表示对过去事情的否定推测,译成“不可能做过某事”。
(3)“can+he+done”表示对过去行为的怀疑,用于疑问句,译成“可能做过……吗?”
(4)“could+he+done”是虚拟语气,表示对过去事情的设,意思是本来能够做某事而没有做。
(5)“may+he+done”表示对发生过的事情的推测,意思是“可能已经”或“也许已经”,用于肯定句中。
(6)“might+he+done”表示对过去事情的推测,might与may意思相同,多用于虚拟语气结构中;还可以表示“本来可能……”。
(7)“would+he+done”虚拟语气,表示对过去事情的设,意思是“本来会做”。
(8)“should+he+done”意思是“本来应该做某事,而实际没做。” “shouldn't + he+done”表示本来不应该做某事,而实际做了。含有指责对方或自责的含意。
(9)“ought to+he+done”表示过去应该做而实际并没有做,译成“理应做……”,往往表示遗憾。与“should+he+done”用法基本一样。
(10)“need+he+done”表示本来需要做某事而没有做。“needn't+he+done”则表示“本来不需要做某事而做了”。
2、情态动词+be doing:表示对现在正在做的事情的推测。
十一、含有某些情态动词的反意疑问句
1、must
当must表示命令时,反意疑问句用needn’t。
当must表示推测时,反意疑问句与实际情况保持一致,即与把must删掉后的陈述句的反意疑问句保持一致。
2、ca注意:probable和sible均可作表语,但sible可以用不定式作真实主语,而probable不能用不定式作真实主语。n’t
当can’t表示没能力做某事时,反意疑问句用can .?
当can’t用于表推测时,反意疑问句由实际情况决定,即由去掉can’t后的真实陈述句决定。
情态动词的用法
.1. dare、need、must
dare是很“争强好胜”的情态动词,举个例子:
Don’t you dare!
你敢吗?
或 How dare you l her about that?
你怎么敢告诉她那件事!
是不是感受到腾腾的杀气扑面而来!
need也是一个比较极端的词,含有命令的口吻,用的时候要小心了。比如You need this.(你需要这个)这句话可能会让你的朋友感觉不舒服,同样的意思,换成Would you like this?(你想要这个吗?)是不是好多了!
must通常也是命令的口吻,它的否定形式mustn’t表示禁止,如果不是非常严肃需要强调的时候尽量避免使用,可以尝试用will/would替换,举个例子:
You must come with us.
你必须和我们一起去。
即使非常渴望小伙伴一起去,也要诚心诚意的邀请:
We’d love to he your company.
我们需要你的陪伴。
2. should、will、ought
从上图我们可以看出should、will、ought属于第二梯队,说话者语气介于中间,为了让我们听起来更有礼貌,宝贝们在使用时可以使用其他句子进行中和,举几个例子:
You should eat more vegetables.
你应该多吃蔬菜。
为了让我们听起来更有礼貌,可以先说说蔬菜的好处
蔬菜很有营养,而且有些蔬菜味道也不错。
You will like this.
你会喜欢这个的。
可以换成:
I hope you like this.
希望你喜欢。
Polly ought to try a new hair style.
Polly 应该尝试一种新发型。
可以换成:
I wonder if Polly likes any of the new hair styles.
我想知道Polly是否喜欢别的发型。
3. can、may、shall
can(能)、may(可以)、shall(应该)这三个词听起来就像说话者在给予权限,但是比命令的语气好一点,也更有礼貌一点。
You can come with us.
你可以跟来。
高三英语语法知识点归纳
5. Will (1)表示对未来事物的预料。如: You’ll be in time if you hurry . 如果快点的话,你会准时的。(2) 表示愿意或不愿意。如: We won’t lend you any more money. 我们不会再借给你钱了。 (3) 表示发出命令或指示。如:You will carry out the order. 你执行这个命令。 (4) 用于叙述真理。如:Oil will float on water. 油漂在水上。(5) 表示施事者执意要做某事。如:He will go home now. 他执意回家。【 #高三#英语中过去分词可作宾补,(此时的过去分词一般是及物动词)表被动意义或完成意义,有时两者兼而有之。做宾补的过去分词与宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系,即宾语是过去分词动作的对象。如: 导语】与高一高二不同之处在于,此时复习力学部分知识是为了更好的与高考考纲相结合,尤其水平中等或中等偏下的学生,此时需要进行查漏补缺,但也需要同时提升能力,填补知识、技能的空白。 高三频道为你精心准备了《高三英语语法知识点归纳》助你金榜题名!
【篇一】
一、非谓语动词
“非谓语动词”可分为动词不定式、动名词和分词.它在句子中的作用很多:除了不作谓语外,它可以充当主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语与复合宾语(主语补语或宾语补语).有些及物动词后面接不带to的不定式作复合宾语.这些动词归纳如下:一感(feel).二听(hear,listen to),三让(he,1et, make),四看(see,watCh,not,observe).再加上 somebody(to)do soming和美国英语look at somebody do somthing.还有“二让”属特殊:get somebody to do soming 与keep somebody doing.而有些及物动词后面接动名词(the -ing form)作宾语.这些动词归纳为一句话:Papa C makes friends.这是由如下动词的开头字母组成:permit,aise, practise,oid,consider,mind, allow,keep,enjoy,suggest, finish,risk,imagine,escape,need,delay,stand(忍受). 为了容易记住,也可以编成顺口溜:“允许完成练习,建议避免冒险,考虑延期逃跑,喜欢保持想象,需要反对忍受”.其相对应的动词依次是:permit/allow,finish,practise;
aise/suggest, oid,risk: consider, delay, escape/miss; enjoy/appreciate, keep, imagine; need/want/require,mind. can't /can’t stand.
二、复合句
1、学生最容易混淆的是定语从句与同位语从句的区别.
例如:A、The news that our team has won the match is true. (同位语从句)
B、The news that he told us surprised rybody here. (定语从句)
关键的区别在于连接或关系代词that:有意义的是定语, 无意义的是同位.因为定语从句的that在从句中作主语或 宾语,而同位语从句的that只起到连接词的作用.
2、接着容易混淆的是定语从句的关系代词that与 which:that之前是不定(代词)、序数(词)、(形容词)级:which之前是介词短语与逗号(非限制性).
例如:A、All that we he to do is to practise ry day.
B、The first lesson that I learned will nr be forgotten.
C、I he lost my pen,which I like very much.
D、Come at 向---扑来The house in front of which there is a garden is my home.
三、It的用法
1、It除了代替人和物以外,还可以作形式主语.而真正的主语(不定式、动名词或从句)则放于谓语或表语之后.
例如:It is nor easy to finish the work in two days.
然而有少数表语之后接动名词作真正的主语.这些表语是:无助(no )、无用(no use)、没好处(no good);工作(hard work)、费时(a waste of time)、又危险(a er).
例如:A、It is no use crying over spilt milk.
B、It is a waste of time waiting for him.
2、It还可以作形式宾语.通常下列动词后面可接it作形式宾语:2f2tcjm(find,feel,think,take,consider,judge, make).
例如:A、He made it clear that he was not interested in this subject.
B、I think it no use arguing with him.
3、It用于强调句式.要强调句子的某一部分(主语、宾语、 状语),可以把it当作先行词.这种句子的结构是:It is(was)+ 被强调部分+that(who)+句子的其余部分.
例如:A、It iS Professor Lin who teaches us English—(强调主语)
B、It was in Shanghai that l saw the film.—(强调状语)
C、It was in 1990 that I worked in the factory.(同上)
但要注意与定语从句的区别.
例如:D、It was 1990 when I worked in the factory.(定语从句)
在强调句式里,我们把强调结构It is(was)…that除去,句子还很完整.如例句C.而例句D就不能.
四、倒装结构
学生容易混淆的是全部倒装与部分倒装.如何区分之,编个顺口溜:副(a.)介(prep.)提前全倒装,其它句式部分倒;否定提前倒助动,让步状语倒表语;复合句式倒主句,不
倒装的属特殊.下面举例说明:
A、Here comes the bus.(副词提前,全倒装)
B、Here he comes.(代词作主语,不倒装)
C、In front of the house lies a garden.(介词短语提前,全倒装)
D、Nr shall I do this again.(否定词提前,部分倒装)
E、Young as he is ,he knows a lot.(让步状语从句,表语倒装)
F、Only when he told me did I realize what trouble he was in.(only 修饰状语,主句倒装)
G、Only he can se the patient.(only修饰主语.不倒装)
H、Not only will be given to people,but also medical treatment will be provided.(否定词提前,部分倒装)
I、Not only he but also we like sports.(连接两个主语,不倒装)
五、虚拟语气
虚拟语气也是一个难点.所谓虚拟语气是表示说话人的愿望、设、猜测或建议,而不表示客观存在的事实.它通过句子的谓语动词的特殊形式来表示.现归纳如下:纯设,用虚拟,动词时态退一级:条件句,分主从,主句谓语前加would (should,could,might);表愿望,用虚拟,wish后面接宾语(从句):现在过去与将来,动词时态退一级:提建议,用虚拟,宾语(从句)动词用(should)do:俩建议,三要求,再加坚持与命令(suggest,aise,demand,require,request,insist,order):It is time和eoukd rather,后接丛句用虚拟:部分主语从句中, 谓语用虚拟结构 (It is necessry /important/natural/natural/strange/strange that……should do). 下面举例说明:
A、If you came tomorrow,we would he the metting. (条件句虚拟)
B、Without air,there would be no living things.(同上)
C、We wish we had arrived there two hours earlier.(表示愿望虚拟)
E、It is(high)time that we left (should lee)now.(特殊从句虚拟)
F、I would rather you ge me the book.(同上)
G、It is necessary that we should clean the room ryday,(主语从句虚拟)
H、He speaks English so fluently as if he were English. (特殊从句虚拟)
【篇二】
一、一般过去将来时
1.概念:立足于过去某一时刻,从过去看将来,常用于宾语从句中。
2.时间状语:The next day (morning, year…),the following month(week…),etc.
3.基本结构:主语
+was/were +going to + do+其它;主语+would/should + do+其它
5.一般疑问句:was或were放于句首;would/should 提到句首。
6.例句:He said he would go to Beijing the next day.他说他第二天要去。
I asked who was going there.我问,谁要去那里。
二、 现在进行时
1.概念:表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。
2.时间状语:Now, at this time, days, etc. look. listen
3.基本结构:主语+be +doing +其它
4.否定形式:主语+be +not +doing+其它
5.一般疑问句:把be动词放于句首。
6.例句:How are you feeling today?你今天感觉如何?
He is doing well in his lessons.在课上他表现得很好。
全国卷高考英语要考100分至少得懂那些基本语法(语法填空对五六个,我剩三个月了)?
1) 在动词之前。语法点一:名词和冠词,考点有名词的可数与不可数,名词的格,名词作定语,冠词的考点是,定冠词与不定冠词,零冠词.
come up with 提出,提供,想出二:代词和it的用法,一般常考的是other,another,the other,others的区别,both,either,nbe keen on n/doing 喜欢做…either,all,ry,each,none的区别,还有soming,anything,rything的用法(这个比较简单)这一块最难的应该是it,that,one作代词时的区别了
三:介词和连词,一般考动词的固定搭配,in,at,for,to,of,on,with,about,from,into,after···常用介词.连词最常考得应该是“除此之外”了,expect,expect for,besides,还有表原因的连词;as,for,since,because的区别
四:形容词和副词,这一块比较简单最常考的就是比较级了,其次是以ly结尾但不是副词的词了,比如说friendly是形容词,形容词的排序问题在今年的高考中也出现了,不过这个是基础但不是重点
五:动词和动词短语,这个考点是重点,在完形填空及改错和单选中是必考的,这个只能靠你自己的积累,课本中的动词短语是重点,必须记下来
六:情态动词和虚拟语气,常见的情态动词就够应付考试了,虚拟语气是高中语法的难点但不是重点
七:动词的时态和语态(就是主动句和被动句)时态有一般现在时,一般过去时,现在进行时,过去进行时,一般将来时,现在进行表将来,一般现在表将来,过去将来时(一般不考),现在完成时,过去完成时,现在完成进行时(现在很常考).
八:非谓语动词,动名词作主语,不定式作主语,动名词作宾语,不定式作宾语,动名词作定语,不定式做定语,这一块也比较简单九:数词和主谓一致,数词的考点;基数词,序数词,分数,百分数,(这一块既不是难点也不是重点),主谓一致在以前比较重要,现在地位有所下降
十:简单句和并列句,这一块很简单
十一:定语从句,这可是重点,不过只要上课认真听,这一块其实不难理解
十二:名词性从句,常和定语从句进行比较区别,尤其是what和that的区别
十三:状语从句,时间地点状语从句,原因状语从句,结果状语从句,方式状语从句,目的状语从句,有一个问题可以总结以上三个从句
十四:省略,倒装和强调.比较常考的是,部分倒装和全部不倒装,这一块就这一个重点
十五:交际英语,也就是口语,这一部分现在很火,每年必考,这个只有靠自己总结.以上就是十五道选择题的来源,当然,不是哪个都会考得,你只要学会以上十五个考点,在高考时没问题
高考的十个热点动词及其搭配
He is singing.他在唱歌。(安通学校提供)动词是英语中最活跃的词类,是句子的核心成分。此外,英语动词的变化较多,形式颇为复杂,是英语学习的难点之一。历届高考英语试题常把动词作为测试的重点,在单项填空题中所占比例在50%以上。笔者通过对近十年来的高考英语试题进行分析,归纳常考动词十五类,供大家参考。
一、连系动词类
连系动词按其所表示的意义可分为以下四种:
1.变化类表事物发展变化的过程,如become, go, turn, grow, get, fall等。
2.感觉类表人体部位的感受,如feel, ell, taste, look, sound等。
3.状态类表事物所处的状态,如keep, come, run, remain, stand, lie, stay, prove等。
4.外表特征类表外表给人的印象,如appear, seem, look等。
连系动词的作用是后接形容词或相当于形容词的结构作表语。除了少数几个(如feel, get, become, grow等)外,不用于进行时态和被动结构。例如:
The mixture Vegetables are nutritious, and some of them n taste good.is tasted terrible.(误)
The mixture tastes terrible(正)
Jim pretended to be falling asleep when his mother came in.(误)
Jim pretended to fall /be asleep when his mother came in.(正)
I'm feeling much better than wish . to do sth. 希望某人做某事r before.
It was getting darker and darker. Besides, a cold rain began to fall.
高考英语常见形容词和动词有哪些?
26、与名词易混的动词有:aise(v.), a (n.); accept(v.), except(prep.); pass(v.), past(prep.); bathe(v.), bath(n.); breathe(v.), breath(n.); choose(v.), cho(n.); succeed(v.), success(n.);词的分类:
例4定你是李华,你校摄影俱乐部(photography club)将举办中学摄影展。请给你的英国朋友Peter写封信,请他提供作品。信的内容包括:1时间副词
soon, now, early, finally, once, recently
5频度副词
always, often, frequently, seldom, nr
2地点副词
here, nearby, outside, upwards, above
6疑问副词
how, where, when, why
3方式副词
hard, well, fast, slowly, excitedly, really
7连接副词
4程度副词
almost, nearly, very, fairly, quite, rather
8关系副词
when, where, why
副词及其基本用法
副词主要用来修饰动词,形容词,副词或其他结构。
一、副词的位置:
2) 在be动词、助动词之后。
3) 多个助动词时,副词一般放在个助动词后。
注意:
a. 大多数方式副词位于句尾,但宾语过长,副词可以提前,以使句子平衡。
We could see very clearly a strange light ahead of us.
b. 方式副词well,badly糟、坏,hard等只放在句尾。
He speaks English well.
二、副词的排列顺序:
1) 时间,地点副词,小24、excuse me 与sorry单位的在前,大单位在后。
2) 方式副词,短的在前,长的在后,并用and或but等连词连接。
Please write slowly and carefully.
3) 多个不同副词排列:程度+地点+方式+时间副词。
注意:副词very 可以修饰形容词,但不能修饰动词。
改错:(错) I very like English.
(对) I like English very much.
注意:副词enough要放在形容词的后面,形容词enough放在名词前后都可。
I don't know him well enough.
There is enough food for ryone to eat.
There is food enough for ryone to eat.
high,highly;slow,showly等 等。在这些词当中,两种不同形式所表达的含
义有的完全不同,有的很相似,而有的却完全一致。这就给人们 使用这些词时
带来一定的麻烦。特别是在学生中间,总免不了使用时的混淆。笔者想就此问题
分类作一点探讨 。
(一)本类词有hard,hardly;late,lay;most,mostly等等,这两
种副词形式含义完全不同,所以 ,使用时不易引起混淆。
1.He works hard all day.他整天都在使劲地干活。
He hardly works at all.他很少干活。
2.You he come too late.你来得太晚了。
He you see him lay?你最近见到过他吗?
3.The person who talks most is of......